Frequently Asked Questions


What is the point of the website?

The site tries to help understand the General Election system by translating the support levels for each party into actual seats. The aim is to de-mystify a process which is already well-understood by party insiders, and to make it accessible to anyone who is interested. The site tries to make the least inaccurate prediction possible and is independent of any other organisation.

Will you get all the seats right ?

No. The predictions are based on the law of averages, but any individual seat could be wrongly predicted. Also if the opinion polls are wrong, that will cause more seats to go wrong. Usually about 50 seats are incorrect. Look at the track record for details of elections since 1992, or see all the errors in 2001.

Shouldn't people make their own minds up how to vote ?

Yes. The purpose of the site is not to tell people how to vote but to predict the election outcome given that people have told the opinion pollsters how they intend to vote. The site lets voters in a particular seat estimate the local strength of the parties from national trends. The ultimate decision in that seat is determined by those voters and no-one else.

Are local factors included ?

Local factors can be very important. These can include a particularly popular (or unpopular) incumbent, a recent by-election, an important local issue, and so on. Unfortunately they cannot be included, as predictions are driven by national levels of support, as measured by national opinion polls. On average local factors must balance out, but the prediction in a particular seat may be incorrect.

Is tactical voting modelled ?

Yes, in the user-defined prediction you can now enter tactical voting parameters. The most important of these describes how Liberal Democrat supporters will behave in seats where the Lib Dems are very likely to be in third place, but Labour and the Conservatives are close together. See Tactical Voting model.

What happens for Scotland ?

Scotland has four major parties, so needs special handling. So the model allows all four parties to move dynamically, as measured by the Scottish opinion polls. The regular Scottish poll was published by The Herald until December 2003. Since then, there have only been occasional Scottish opinion polls. The prediction for Scottish seats has been relatively static since then and can only be updated when new Scottish opinion polls are published. There were only two polls conducted during 2004, but there have been more recently. They are shown on the scottish opinion poll page.

What about minor parties, like UKIP ?

Minor parties are treated collectively in the prediction. Their share of the vote is allowed to move up and down at the expense of the other parties. However it is not possible to separate the small parties from each other, or to allow for regional variation. This may be a problem if UKIP does well in particular areas and takes votes disproportionally from the other parties (such as the Conservatives).

Why are by-elections not included ?

The data shown is the snapshot provided by the May 2005 General Election. To keep the consistency of the dataset, it is deliberately not updated to reflect by-elections or changes of party affiliation. This is necessary so that we can predict the next election on the basis of the change in support since May 2005. This would make less sense if the base data were measured at different times. Also, by-elections are a famously poor predictor of general elections.

Isn't UNS inaccurate ?

Uniform National Swing (UNS) is not foolproof, but it is simple and intuitive. It has been modified to keep shares of votes positive (see model details). Given that the data available is only national support figures, it seems the best available option. Our track record of UNS predictions is available.

How does the model work in detail ?

The model is basically Uniform National Swing (UNS), with an adaptation to keep each party's share of the vote positive. The full details are here.

How often is the site updated ?

About once or twice a month, as national opinion polls are published. You can get email notification of updates by joining our mailing list.

Do you do your own polling ?

No. All the polls used are opinion polls conducted by the major market research companies, and published in the national press. Generally, we only use those polls which come out as a monthly series. This ensures that each pollster is represented equally in the rolling average. History of polls since 2001.

What about Plaid Cymru in Wales ?

Due to the lack of Wales-specific polls, it is necessary to keep the PC share of the vote fixed since 2005. This is inaccurate, but should not affect too many seats. The main exceptions are probably Llanelli and Ynys Mon.

Please let us know if you see any Wales-wide opinion poll.

How about regional swing ?

This needs regional opinion polls to provide the input data. These have been available for Scotland (though not since 2004), but are not generally published. During the election campaign there may be a large poll conducted by the Press Association which contains regional swing information.

Do you take the third party into account ?

Absolutely. The Liberal Democrats vote is modelled to allow it to go up or down at the expense of the other two major parties (and the minor parties). The model is fully multi-party and is not a simplistic one-dimensional swing model.

Can you do a Markov model ?

The model used has elements of a Markov transitional model (see model details), but is basically a modifed Uniform National Swing model. Markov models break down the current levels of support for each party according to how that person voted in the previous election. That is, it shows for those who voted (say) Labour in 2005, how many still back Labour, and how many back each of the other parties. The model is interesting conceptually, but it has too many parameters to be calibratated using the published national opinion polls.

Why is my seat shown in the wrong region ?

The regions used are unique to this site and are designed to break the country down into 20 regions, each of which is (relatively) homogeneous electorally. Our regions are made up of entire counties or unitary local authority areas, but do not correspond to any official definition of a "region".

As an additional quirk, our region "South London" contains three west London boroughs which lie above the Thames, in order to keep the two halves of London equal. They are Ealing, Hillingdon and Hounslow. Full region composition.

Stranger yet, the seat of Ealing Acton and Shepherd's Bush is split between the boroughs of Ealing (six wards) and Hammersmith & Fulham (five wards). This leads to the seat being classified as "South London" by a majority of one ward.

Why doesn't the Battlemap match the headline prediction ?

The Battlemap is less powerful than the full multi-party model as it is only two-dimensional. This means that only the three major parties can move, and the minor parties are assumed to stay fixed. You can adjust for this through power use of the Battlemap. Or it is easier to use the multi-party model to make your own predictions.

Why haven't you included this poll ?

Either because you have spotted it before we have, or because it is not a regular monthly poll from the series used in the rolling average.

If you do see a poll we haven't used yet (including any for Scotland or Wales) please email us the details.

Do you predict other elections ?

No.
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